Retraction & Correction Policy - London Academic Research Press

Retraction & Correction Policy - London Academic Research PressOur COPE-compliant retraction and correction policy. Learn about the procedures for retracting, correcting, or issuing expressions of concern for published articles.Types of Post-Publication NoticesGrounds for RetractionA retraction removes a published article from the scholarly record when its findings are seriously unreliable. We retract articles in the following circumstances:

Clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of major error (e.g., miscalculation or experimental error) or as a result of fabrication or falsification of data

Plagiarism or substantial overlap with a previously published work without proper attribution

The research was conducted without necessary ethical approvals or informed consent

The article reports findings from research that poses a serious health or safety risk

The work constitutes a redundant publication (duplicate submission) without appropriate disclosure or justification

Evidence of manipulation of the peer review process

Grounds for Correction (Erratum/Corrigendum)A correction (erratum or corrigendum) addresses errors that do not affect the overall findings or conclusions. We issue corrections for:

Minor errors that do not affect the overall findings, interpretation, or conclusions of the article

Errors in author names, affiliations, or acknowledgements

Typographical or formatting errors that may cause confusion

Missing or incorrect funding information

Updates to author contact information or ORCID identifiers

Grounds for Expression of ConcernAn expression of concern alerts readers to potential problems while an investigation is ongoing. We issue one when:

Inconclusive evidence of research or publication misconduct by the authors

Evidence that the findings are unreliable but the institution will not or cannot investigate

An investigation into alleged misconduct is underway but a judgement will not be available for a considerable time

Evidence that the peer review process was compromised but there is insufficient information to determine the impact on the article

Retraction Process

Identification and Reporting: Concerns may be raised by authors, readers, reviewers, editors, or institutional bodies. All concerns are treated confidentially and investigated promptly.

Editorial Investigation: The Editor-in-Chief, in consultation with the editorial board and relevant experts, conducts a thorough investigation. Authors are given the opportunity to respond to the concerns raised.

Decision and Notification: Based on the investigation findings, the editorial board determines the appropriate action: retraction, correction, or expression of concern. All affected parties are notified of the decision.

Publication of Notice: A retraction notice, correction, or expression of concern is published and linked bidirectionally to the original article. The notice clearly states the reason for the action and is freely accessible.